Eindexamen engels vmbo gl/tl 2004, tijdvak 2 (vbo-mavo D)

Hello boys, we can beat you at your own game These women are professionals who all do jobs traditionally dominated by men. Being a woman doesn’t mean they’re afraid of hard physical work or tough challenges. Flight Lieutenant Su Bunning, 29, is a BOMB DISPOSAL OFFICER based at RAF Wittering 1 I’ve always been fascinated by aircraft and decided to become an RAF engineer when I was quite young. I’ve now been a serving officer for seven years and find weapons, engineering and bomb disposal particularly stimulating areas to work in. People think my job is dangerous because they’re not aware of what makes bombs go bang. I don’t think of it like that because I’ve learned how to deal with them. It’s essential to use 100 per cent mental effort. My partner Jon doesn’t because he has confidence in my abilities. In my current role I have to me. There are no other women on the team. 8 , because at was the only female on the course. 2 I’m kept busy all day and this job is physically very demanding, to keep fit. I myself have to be able to do everything that I expect from the men who work for me. Jacqueline Davis, 40, is the world’s top female BODYGUARD 3 Some men are surprised when they find out they’re going to work with a woman bodyguard, especially in the Middle East. I was in Egypt once, training policemen in anti-terrorist techniques. During the day they listened to me, but in the evening I went back to being just a female who was ignored Diana Nell, 21, works as a MECHANIC for a national garage chain 5 I started off as a receptionist in a garage and one day I asked my boss if he could teach me a few things so that I’d be able to do the maintenance on my own Toyota. The more I learnt about it, the more interested I became, so I decided to become a mechanic. 6 Occasionally, customers ask me if I know what I’m am fully trained and qualified. That reassures them. let it upset me any more. 7 The guys at work have looked after me so well. I team and I’m very happy working here. If a nice-looking woman goes by, they might make a comment. Lads will be lads! I don’t want the guys to feel they have to tiptoe around me just because I’m a girl. If I’m having a problem with a boyfriend I might even ask their advice from the male perspective. 8 My job has never got in the way of any relationship and it’s a good feeling to know I’ve made my mark in a job that’s unusual for a woman. ‘Now’

Dread and circuses Last week’s outcry over the ill-treatment of circus animals missed an even greater horror – the appalling lives that artistes are enforced to endure. By circus girl Dea Birket T 1 here is a rare, strange animal that is housed in cramped conditions, with no regular light and no sanitation. Despite its fantastical co- lours and fantastic plumage, it’s much abused 5 and little understood. Its homes are attacked; stones are thrown at it. It’s the circus artiste. For a Circus girl Dea Birkett lived in fear of being thrown by her while, I was one. elephant 2 Circus artistes are in danger of dying out. Last week their survival faced yet another threat. A much which circus animals live, they don’t bother to visit 10 publicised report, The Ugliest Show on Earth , by a the humans in the same compound. A 10ft caravan group calling itself Animal Defenders, catalogued 50 housed four people. There was one shower between horrific abuse of circus animals. ‘Undercover field more than 50 circus hands. Supplies of water and officers’ infiltrated ‘behind the scenes in the circus light were irregular. For up to five days the world’, and filmed a bear spending 39 hours in his performers went without washing – five days of 15 container, a tiger being jabbed with a metal bar and swinging, tumbling or riding elephants. I stank. My elephants being beaten with spades. The report re- 55 skin was as tough as Julia’s. My fishnet stockings vealed ‘a shocking picture of deprivation, abuse and could stand up and jump about all on their own. All mental suffering for animals in circuses’, and recom- the water there was went to the elephants. mended banning circuses. 8 3 20 There are good circus owners and bad ones, and riding Julia because they had lost their second the bad ones should be prosecuted. But not all 60 elephant girl in the last 18 months. The first had circus people are the barbaric animal abusers the fallen; an elephant’s back is 10 feet from the ground, report portrays. Born and raised in the ring, they and wearing nothing more than a small glittery dress simply do not draw such a clear line between gives no protection if you tumble. A second had been 25 themselves and their animals; they rely on each trampled and severely injured by an elephant. other. They treat their animals exactly as they treat 9 65 Circus people sound nonchalant about their themselves. Nowhere in its 140 pages does The casualties. They insist it is not unsafe to swing on a Ugliest Show on Earth open the caravan door to trapeze 30 feet above the ground with no safety net, give a glimpse of the dreadful conditions in which and that the tightrope strung across the roof of the 30 the people who work in a travelling circus live. big top is as safe a place to stroll as the sidewalk. In 4 I worked as an elephant girl in a touring Italian 70 truth, they are terrified. circus. Seven days a week, twice a night, I rode my 10 elephant, Julia, around the ring. llamas cannot choose whether to parade about a ring 5 I can’t pretend Julia and I were intimate. It was a with silly clothes on. Humans are born into the cir- 35 working relationship, and each night, as she held up cus, just as an elephant is born in captivity. Walking her left front leg so I could climb on to her back, a 75 out of the ring would be rejecting your family, deal was made between us. I would give her a sweet, forever cutting yourself off from the travelling life. bend down from her back and whisper in her vast For most people it is not a real choice. Most people ear: ‘Don’t rock too much. And don’t fight.’ The fear no more have a real choice than their animals do. 40 was that she would get involved in a disagreement 11 with another elephant. That was how most girls got 80 Misunderstood Show on Earth , which would expose thrown. the shoebox-sized living quarters, continual de- 6 I never once felt I was in charge: Julia was. At any mands of travel and the dreadful injuries of circus ar- moment she could have walked out. No force would tistes. The report would conclude that, in most 45 have been able to control her huge rolling hulk. circuses, the animals are treated pretty much as the 7 Julia and I were neighbours, her tent yards from 85 people are. my caravan. When outsiders attack the conditions in ‘The Observer’

Why teenagers need mobiles Text messaging is the of essential information or the latest way for young occasional chat as adults do, but people to feed their urge to to fulfil an essential need of communicate. This is what adolescence. Kate Figes wrote about it As teenagers strive for in the year 2000… greater independence, they have to replace 25 provided by obile phone users their parents, with closer contact in the UK are with their friends. So they stick sending more together: girls walk arm in arm, than half a billion boys backslap, punch and play- text messages a fight, and when they cannot month, according connect physically, they talk or to the Mobile Data Association. text message on the phone. My guess is that an increasing Mobiles also offer security, a number of them are teenagers valuable link to home in case of “talking” to each other. emergency, as well as the Text messages are 23 , so freedom to escape from it. children can use them secretly However, mobile phones in class, the modern equivalent may carry a health risk. In July, of passing notes under the desk. David Blunkett, the Secretary of There are one million mobile State for Education and owners under 15. Nine and ten- Employment, wrote to all year-olds are the fastest schools in England and Wales, growing market. This presents discouraging pupils under 16 problems for parents, who foot from using mobile phones the bill, and teachers who do 26 “because they are more not welcome phones in their likely to be vulnerable to any lessons. But mobiles are unrecognised health risks from important to teenagers and, with mobile phone use than are a skill you can only be surprised adults because their nervous at, they use one thumb to tap systems are still developing. out their own telephone Also, because of their smaller language, such as CU. I believe heads, thinner skulls and a more it is important to understand sensitive tissue structure, why: they need to talk. children may absorb more For a teenager, a mobile is an energy from a mobile phone essential lifeline 24 friends; than do adults.” they are also cool status All adolescents know, of symbols that make them feel course, that adults have a habit grown up. Teenagers need to of denying them access to the communicate with their friends pleasures and the privileges of all the time, not for an exchange grown-up life. Therefore, this

Even young wizards have a lot to learn 1 hen Tolga “Child actors run the risk of falling behind in Kenan, 12, their schooling but personal tuition on set can 30 years, teaching children slight and dark, was actually improve their work.” Karen Gold reports of the Sun, The 5 picked as a ‘double’ to stand in as ‘Harry’ during lighting rehearsals for the Harry Potter film that premiered last week, the first 4 35 As Harry Potter filming could last for seven thought of Tolga’s mother was “What about his education?”, Tolga, then 11, had been at secondary 10 school, Bishop Stopford comprehensive in Enfield, for just a month: “I was expecting the school to raise 5 concerns, but they thought it was a fantastic chance 40 teachers are working with small groups of children in and he should take it,” says his mother. So, Tolga stood in for Daniel Radcliffe to give the Potter star 15 time for his own tutoring. 2 Every day, by law, child actors must receive a minimum of one hour’s education and a maximum of 45 individual schools,” says Willis. five hours. Therefore, all 450 child stars, doubles and 6 extras acting in Harry Potter carried on with normal 20 education through the past year in a specially established school at Leavesden studios in Hertfordshire. 3 “The teacher attention the children get in groups of three or five – Harry, Ron (Rupert Grint) and 25 Hermione (Emma Watson) have their own individual 7 tutors – means filming can improve their schoolwork,” says Janet Willis, the Harry Potter head 55 scheduled so the Weasley twins in particular are free tutor. And Willis ought to know, she has been in ‘The Sunday Times’ noot 1 GCSE: General Certificate of Secondary Education (Einddiploma Voortgezet Onderwijs)